Used Cooking Oil as an Additive Component of Candle

Abstract

The study aims to produce a low-priced, high-quality candle by using used cooking oil as a major component. The following candle compositions were used: 100 percent paraffin wax; 90 percent paraffin and 10 percent oil; 80 percent paraffin and 20 percent oil; 70 percent paraffin and 30 percent oil; 60 percent paraffin and 40 percent oil; 50 percent paraffin and 50 percent oil. The firmness, texture, and light intensity of the candles were tested and compared.

Results of the tests showed that the candle made from 100 percent paraffin wax had the lowest melting rate, lowest amount of melted candle, and a light intensity of 100 candelas (cd). The 90:10 preparation had the next lowest melting rate and amount of melted candle. The other preparations ranked according to the proportion of used cooking oil in the candle, with the 50:50 preparation performing least comparably with the 100 percent paraffin wax candle.

Introduction

Today, candles are made not only for lighting purposes but for many other uses such as home décor, novelty collections, as fixtures for big occasions (weddings, baptismals, etc.), and as scented varieties for aromatherapy. Candles are made from different types of waxes and oils.

Cooking oil is a major kitchen item in Filipino households. It is also used substantially in fast-food outlets, where it is used in different stages of food preparations. Ordinarily, used cooking oil is discarded. This waste oil pollutes and clogs canals and sewerage systems.

Materials and Methods
Results and Discussion
Selected References

The Feasibility of Cocos nucifera Oil as an Additive for Quality Candles. Bato Balani Volume 15 Issue 1, Junior. pp. 16-18. Candles, Waxes, Oils. Microsoft Encarta 2004

Further clarification of the procedures and results should be directed to the researchers and adviser.

Energy Safety Tips

Indoor Safety

To use electricity as safely as possible in your home or office,use electrical cords properly. To avoid damaging cords, remove them from outlets by pulling the plug, not the cord itself. Never attach a cord to another surface with nails or staples, which can break the insulation. Avoid kinking, twisting, binding, or walking on cords.
Safely reset your circuit breakers and replace blown fuses. We have easy-to-use instructions.

Switch of unused outlets for safety measures.

Never switch in on or off with wet hands.

Circuit Breakers & Fuses

A switched-off breaker may look like it's still on, or it may have moved to another position. That's why it's a good idea to label your circuits.
To reset a circuit breaker, switch it off and then on again. If the switch is a push button, it will pop out to turn off the circuit. Pushing it all the way in will reset it.

Don't mix water with electricity

Water conducts electricity, and unsafe electricity use around water can

cause serious injury or death.

Keep water away from electricity and electrical appliances.
Never use electrical appliances while in the shower or the bath.
Never use electrical appliances while standing in water.
Always make sure your hands are dry when using an electrical appliance.

Replace incandescent light bulbs with compact fluorescent bulbs (CFLs). These bulbs use two-thirds less energy and last up to ten times longer.